Cooking Methods

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What is Cooking?

• Cookery or Cooking is besicly the art, science, craft and technology of preparing good food for consumption.
• The skill or practice of preparing food by mixing, heating and combining ingredients.
• To change the  color,flavor,texture and taste of food
• Kill microorganism
• Easy to digest
• Increases variety of food

Types of Heat Transfer

• Conduction - heat is Move from one item to another.
• Convection - The transfer of warmth from hot/ warm areas to cooler areas.
• Radiation - Heat transfer without physical contact between heat sources and food

1. Conduction

Move heat from one item to another.

Conduction transfers the heat is using the direct contact;  in a liquid, or surrounded by air food is heated directly in the cooking metal pa..

Dropping an egg into a pan of boiling water could be a good example.

The heat from water is transferred to egg. As the outside of the egg becomes warm, the heat moves into the middle of the egg, continuing inward until the whole egg is heated to the required temperature.

2. Convection

The transfer of heat from  warm or hot areas to cooler areas.

Convection heat transfer occurs faster than conduction.

Convection occurs by the movement of air, liquid, or steam round the food.

For example, as a pan of soup heats up on the stove, then the heat moves from the bottom of the pan. This movement of hot and cool liquids or gases combines together.

E.g. Convection Oven

Convection may also occur mechanically employing a fan that circulates the air in an oven.

A convection oven can reduce the cooking time by 25% over standard ovens.

Convection

3. Radiation:

the Heat is transfer without physical contact between heat sources and the food

Radiation heat are transfer occurs when microwave (work by light waves) or infrared energy (work by heat waves) are spread into the food.

As the microwaves penetrate the food, they encounter molecules of water and fat, causing them to vibrate rapidly. This vibration creates one kind of friction, which creates heat that cooks the food.

E.g. Reheat food or thawing food by microwave.

Radiation

Three Types Of Cooking Methods

Fat Cooking Method

Dry Heat Cooking Methods

Moist Heat Cooking Methods

1. Dry Heat Cooking Method

Cooking techniques where heat is transferred to food without using any type of liquid

Heat can from the top to bottom, top, and bottom or rounds of the food.

Food Cooked indirect heat, like a grill or with indirect heat, like an oven.

Food must be naturally soft.

Sauces are made separately.

Types of Dry Heat Cooking

• Baking
• Roasting
• Grilling
• Griddling
• Broiling
• BBQ
• Dry Heat Cooking

2. Moist Heat Cooking

Cooking with liquids, such as water, stock, wine or broth etc.

Usually for hard ingredients, such as beef topside, beef shank, or hard vegetable, etc.

Moist heat cooking faster than dry heat cooking.

Types of Moist Heat Cooking

• Boiling
• Simmering
• Blanching
• Poaching
• Steaming
• Stewing
• Braising
• Pressure Cooking
• Sous Vide
• Moist Heat Cooking

3. Fat Cooking

• Cooking with fat or oil
• Types of Fat Cooking
• Pan Frying
• Deep Frying
• Sauteing
• Stir-Frying
• Fat Cooking

Benefits of Fat Frying Method

1. It is a quick method of cooking.
2. Fried food is very appetizing and tasty.
3. Fried foods have better keeping quality
4. The most sort of dishes, as fried foods are crisp in texture.
5. Fried foods have a higher satiety value.
6. It increases the calorific value of food.
7. In shallow fat frying, the quantity of oil consumption will be controlled

Weaknesses of the Fat Frying Method

1. Fried foods are more difficult to digest because the food is covered with fat
2. Repeated use of heated oil can produce dangarus hazardous substances.
3. Foods will be oily or soggy by absorbing an excessive amount of oil.
4. More attention is required when cooking and care must be taken to avoid an accident

Conversion Temperature

1. Celsius to Fahrenheit Conversion Formula

down below this formula  will help you to convert from Celsius into Fahrenheit.

F = (Celsius x 1,8) + 32

2. Fahrenheit to Celsius Conversion Formula

The formula below will assist you to convert from Fahrenheit into Celsius (or Centigrade).

C = (Fahrenheit - 32) / 1,8

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